How to spot the signs of ovarian cancer and detect it early

Ovarian cancer impacts the small, oval-shaped glands that are located on either side of the uterus, and, sadly, due to its typically vague symptoms, it can be difficult to diagnose in its early stages.

7,500 Brits are diagnosed with the disease every year – that’s around 21 people day – it makes knowing the signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer that much more important.

The good news is that ovarian cancer is 90% curable if detected early, according to the Robin Cancer Trust.

So, if you or a loved one notice a sudden change in their body, it’s really important to encourage them to book a GP appointment.

Here, we explore who’s most at risk of ovarian cancer, the signs and symptoms to look out for and what to expect if you undergo treatment.

Who is at risk of ovarian cancer?

Anyone with ovaries can get ovarian cancer, but there are a few factors as to why a person might develop ovarian cancer.

“There are known risk factors we cannot change, including our genetics and our age,” explains Dr Rosie Godeseth, Vitality’s Medical Director of Health.

The risk of ovarian cancer increases in people over the age of 50.

Though, the most at-risk age group are those between the ages of 75 and 79 with more than 50 in 100 cases diagnosed in people over the age of 65.

Inherited genes also play a role in an ovarian cancer diagnosis – around 20%. Known as BRCA genes, these can also increase the risk of breast cancer. 

Sadly, that does mean that those who have received a breast cancer diagnosis, particularly at a young age, are at increased risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Meanwhile, other diseases, such as endometriosis and diabetes, also increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

Excessive body weight is also linked to an ovarian cancer diagnosis as well.

There are things we can do to help prevent it, however. “Not smoking and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer,” notes Godeseth.

Knowing the signs and symptoms

When ovarian cancer first develops, it might not cause any noticeable signs and symptoms. But remember, it is you that knows your body, and if something doesn’t feel quite right, speak to your doctor.

Some of the common signs and symptoms, according to Godeseth are:

• Feeling constantly bloated
• Having a swollen tummy
• Experiencing discomfort in your tummy or pelvic area
• Feeling full quickly when eating or having trouble eating your usual amount
• Needing to urinate more often than normal or feeling like you always need to urinate

Should these symptoms persist or appear more often or severe than normal, it is important to seek medical help as soon as possible.

It’s important to note that there are a few lesser known signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer too.

This includes lower back pain, unexpected weight loss, bleeding after menopause or changes to your menstrual cycle, whether that’s irregular bleeding or heavier bleeding than normal.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, contact your GP, or Vitality members can book a Vitality GP appointment through their health insurance plan. 

If you would like to know more on understanding women's health and your policy options visit here: Understanding Women's Health | Key Health Checks and Tests

What type of treatments are available?

According to the NHS, ovarian cancer treatment will depend on:

• The size and type of ovarian cancer
• Where it is
• If it has spread and, if so, where to
• Your general health

There are two main types of ovarian cancer treatment: chemotherapy and surgery. Others include more targeted medications and hormone therapies.

But before entering any course of treatment for ovarian cancer, a specialist care team need to talk you through your options and create a plan that’s right for you; while informing you about what to expect and any potential side effects.

The effects of treatment can vary from person to person, so don’t wait until your next check-up to seek advice about any symptoms or side effects that you’re worried about.

If you have Vitality health insurance and are diagnosed with ovarian cancer, our cancer cover provides access to an array of treatments.

This will extend to treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as hormone therapy, bisphosphonate treatment and the latest cutting-edge treatments where clinically appropriate.

Furthermore, our Cancer Treatment Support Programme offers a holistic approach and access to dedicated cancer professionals, including psychologists, nurse specialists and more, to help you and your loved ones through whatever you are facing.

Watch how Vitality has helped more people through a cancer diagnosis, like our member Nicky.

How can I support a loved one through ovarian cancer?

A cancer diagnosis can impact the people close to us in a variety of ways, so knowing how to best support them might seem bewildering. Just remember there are plenty of ways to get support.

Charities like Macmillan and Cancer Research UK provide support lines, forums and advice for people going through a cancer diagnosis.

If times are tough and you feel you are struggling with supporting a partner, friend or family member with cancer, remember that you can also speak to your GP.

If you would like to know more on how health insurance with cancer cover works and your policy options visit here: Health Insurance with Cancer Cover Guide | Vitality

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